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500-600: Decrees against “Heretics”
In the 6th century, Eastern Roman Emperors Justin and Justinian made a number of decrees against “heretics” which were aimed at other Christian groups, Samaritans and Jews. Jews continued to pray on...
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400-500: Protection and Rejection
The 5th century was characterized by the protection of the Roman Empire’s Jewish subjects while simultaneously rejecting them. On the one hand, privileges were granted to the Jewish patriarchs, and...
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100-200 AD: Revolt
The Bar Kokhba Revolt began as a guerrilla struggle against Rome in 132 C.E. Within a short time it had spread throughout the country, and the rebels took Jerusalem, which had not been heavily...
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200-300 AD: Talmudic Evidence
Talmudic sources describe the continued presence of Jews on the Temple Mount during this period. Rabbi Natan entered the Temple and found only one wall remaining and Rabbi Bibi instructed others on how...
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300-400: Christianity Becomes the Official Religion of the Roman Empire
During the fourth century AD, Emperor Constantine the Great made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire. This led to edicts against the Jews as well as laws protecting them. Constantine...
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1900-1920: Jewish Homeland
The two decades between 1900 and 1920 propelled Zionism forward. In 1903, a proposal was made to establish a Jewish homeland in Uganda, but this proposal was declined by the Zionist Congress. The...
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1920-1940: Jewish Immigration and Arab Terror
As Hitler rose to power in Germany and began to implement the genocide of the Jewish people, increased numbers of Jews immigrated to Palestine, legally and illegally. At the Cairo Conference in 1921, a...
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1940-1947: War
As World War II heated up in Europe and the massacre of the Holocaust gained momentum, violence in British-ruled Palestine increased as well. In 1941, the Mufti of Jerusalem summoned a Holy War against...
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1948: Independence
The War of Independence, begun in 1947, intensified in 1948, especially after Israel’s Declaration of Independence. This was Israel’s bloodiest war, resulting in 6,373 casualties on the Israeli side,...
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1949-1951: The Young State
The Arab defeat in the War of Independence did not bring an end to Arab violence against Israel. Despite numerous overtures of peace from the Israeli government, the Arab world continued to threaten...
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